Clindamycin phosphate
Trade name: Dalacin
Class:
antibiotic, clindamycin
Pregnancy: (Category B)
Action: suppress protein synthesis by
microorganisms by binding to ribosomes. It is both bacteriostatic &
bactericidal.
Uses:
• Serious respiratory tract infections. (lung abscess, pneumonia).
• Serious skin infections.
• Septicemia.
• Osteomyelitis caused by staphylococci.
• Used topically for inflammatory acne vulgaris .
Dose : by mouth, 150–300 mg every 6
hours; up to 450 mg every 6 hours in severe infections;
CHILD, 3–6 mg/kg every 6 hours
N.B
Patients should
discontinue immediately and contact doctor if diarrhea develops; capsules
should be swallowed with a glass of water.
By deep intramuscular injection or by
intravenous infusion, 0.6–2.7 g daily (in 2–4 divided doses); life-threatening
infection, up to 4.8 g daily; single doses above 600 mg by intravenous infusion
only; single doses by intravenous infusion not to exceed 1.2 g
CHILD over 1 month, 15–40 mg/kg daily
in 3–4 divided doses; severe infections, at least 300 mg daily regardless of
weight.
Contraindications:
•
Hypersensitivity
•
Minor bacterial infections.
•
Pregnancy.
Side effects:
•
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
abdominal pain, tenesmus.
•
Loss of weight, pseudo
membranous colitis, skin rashes.
•
Hypotension.
•
Thrombophlebitis following
I.V. use.
Nursing
considerations:
•
Give parenteral drug to
hospitalized client only.
•
Dilute I.V. injections. If
I.M., inject medication deeply.
•
Don’t refrigerate solution
(because it becomes thick) .
•
Before use, take full
history & not signs of allergy.
•
Be prepared to manage
colitis which can occur 2-9 days or several weeks after initiation of therapy.
Which includes: fluids, electrolytes, Protein supplement, corticosteroids, and
Vancomycin (as ordered).
•
During I.V. administration,
observe for signs of hypotension.
Administer only on an empty stomach. (With a full glass of water to prevent
esophageal ulceration).
