Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride
Trade name:
ciproxin
Class: Antibacterial,
quinolone derivative
Pregnancy: (Category C)
Action: is a synthetic quinolone with broad-
spectrum bactericidal activity, inhibits the synthesis of bacterial DNA by
inhibiting the enzyme DNA gyrase.
Uses:
• UIT, infectious diarrhea
• Infection of lower respiratory tract, bone, joints & skin.
Dose : by
mouth, respiratory-tract infections, 250–750 mg
Twice daily, Urinary-tract
infections, 250–500 mg twice
Daily (100 mg
twice daily for 3 days in acute uncomplicated cystitis
in women)
Chronic prostatitis, 500 mg
twice daily for 28 days
Gonorrhea, 500 mg as a
single dose
Pseudomonal lower respiratory-tract infection
in cystic fibrosis, 750 mg twice daily;
CHILD 5–17 years, up to 20 mg/kg twice daily (max. 1.5 g
daily)
Most other infections,
500–750 mg twice daily
Surgical prophylaxis, 750
mg 60–90 minutes before procedure
Prophylaxis of meningococcal
meningitis, [not licensed for this indication]
500 mg as a single dose; Child
5–12 years 250 mg
By intravenous infusion (over 30–60 minutes; 400 mg over 60
minutes), 200–
400 mg twice daily, Child 20 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses
Pseudomonal lower respiratory-tract infection
in cystic fibrosis, 400 mg twice daily;
CHILD 5–17 years, up to 10 mg/kg 3 times daily (max. 1.2 g
daily)
Child not recommended but where benefit outweighs
risk, by mouth, 10–30 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses or by intravenous
infusion, 8–16 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses
Anthrax
(treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis, see notes above), by mouth, 500 mg
twice daily; child 30 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses (max. 1g daily) Contraindications:
• Hypersensitivity - children - lactation.
Side effects:
•
Nausea
vomiting. Dysphasia, crystalluria,
Hematuria, Rashes, bad taste, GI bleeding,
Headache, insomnia.
Nursing
considerations:
• Give medication 2 hr after meals.
•
Stress importance of
drinking increased amounts of fluids to keep urine acidic & to minimize the
risk of crystalluria.
