Allopurinol : Zyloric
Trade name:
Zyloric
Class: Anti-gout
Agents
Pregnancy: (Category C)
Action: Is a potent xanthine
oxidase inhibitor which reduces both serum and urinary uric acid levels by
inhibiting the formation of uric acid without disrupting the biosynthesis of
vital purines.
Uses:
• Is the drug of choice for chronic gouty arthritis (not useful
for treatment of acute gout).
• Hyperuricemia associated with blood diseases, renal diseases.
• Prophylasis in hyperuricemia in patients with neoplastic
conditions. Treatment of
patients with recurrent uric stone formation.
Dose
initially 100 mg daily, preferably
after food, then adjusted according
to plasma or urinary uric acid
concentration; usual maintenance dose in mild conditions 100–
200 mg daily, in
moderately severe conditions 300–600 mg daily, in severe conditions 700–900 mg
daily; doses over 300 mg daily given in divided doses; CHILD under 15years, (in
neoplastic
conditions, enzyme
disorders) 10–20 mg/kg daily (max. 400 mg daily) Contraindications:
• Hypersensitivity.
• Lactation.
• Hemochromatosis.
• Children except for those with neoplastie diseases.
Side effects:
• Skin rash, alopecia, fever leukopnea, arthralgia, nausea,
vomiting.
Nursing
considerations:
• Administer with food or immediately after meal to lessen gastric
irritation.
• At least 10-12 eight- ounce glasses of fluid should be taken
each day.
• Keep urine alkaline to prevent the formation of uric acid
stones.
• Take complete drug history.
• Monitor the CBC, liver & renal function & serum uric
acid on routine bases.
• If skin rash appear, report to physician.
• Avoid excessive intake of vitamin C which lead to the potential
for the formation of kidney stones.
• Advice clients not to take iron salts with allopurinol since
high iron concentration may occur in the liver.
